There is currently no cure for interstitial cystitis. Treatment is aimed at symptomatic relief. A medication intended to increase the protective layer of the bladder wall may be prescribed. Oral pain relievers such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or codeine may be helpful. Tricyclic antidepressants, generally administered in lower doses than when administered for depression, have beneficial incidental effects that reduce the chronic pain and the stress that accompany interstitial cystitis. Another option involves delivering dimethyl sulfoxide or other medicated solutions directly into the bladder through a urethral catheter. Aimed at inhibiting painful inflammation, this technique involves treatments every other week for at least 6 to 8 weeks. Some highly motivated individuals may be trained to catheterize themselves so that they can perform the treatments at home.
A procedure called transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), which delivers mild electric pulses to the bladder area, may help relieve pain and urinary frequency in some cases.
Stretching the bladder by filling it with fluid under pressure (hydrodistention) can bring temporary relief from symptoms. Dietary changes focus on avoiding irritating substances such as spicy foods, citrus fruits, tomatoes, coffee, tea, chocolate, alcohol, and tobacco. Rarely surgery may be considered if more conservative treatments are ineffective and symptoms are severe. Surgery includes burning off (fulguration) or cutting away (resection) ulcers using instruments inserted into the urethra through a cystoscope, surgical augmentation of the bladder using tissue from the individual's large intestine, or bladder removal (cystectomy). After a cystectomy, urine is usually collected in a bag attached to a stomal opening in the abdomen. Continent urinary diversions eliminating the need for a bag (appliance) can be offered to the individual.
An experimental procedure, sacral nerve root stimulation, is currently being studied. This procedure, a surgical variation of TENS, involves permanent implantation of electrodes and a unit emitting continuous electrical pulses.
Support groups specifically for interstitial cystitis may be helpful in addressing the emotional aspect of dealing with a chronic disorder. |
Source: Medical Disability Advisor