| Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus. It is the second most common major surgical procedure performed in the US; 600,000 women undergo hysterectomy annually (Parker). Types of hysterectomy include total (or complete) hysterectomy, in which the uterus and cervix are removed; radical hysterectomy, in which the uterus, cervix, upper part of the vagina, and some surrounding tissue and lymph nodes are removed; and partial or supracervical hysterectomy, in which the upper part of the uterus is removed but the cervix is left intact. A radical hysterectomy is the most extensive surgery and is indicated in certain forms of cancer, including cancer of the cervix. A total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy involves removal of the uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Removal of the ovaries initiates menopause in premenopausal women.
The primary reasons to perform hysterectomy are fibroids (40%), abnormally heavy or frequent bleeding (10%), and endometriosis, a condition affecting the uterine lining (13%) (Parker). All types of hysterectomy end menstruation and a woman's ability to become pregnant. |
Source: Medical Disability Advisor