| | |  | | © Reed Group | | | Prostatic hyperplasia is a noncancerous (benign) enlargement of the prostate gland. The prostate gland is that part of the male reproductive system which secretes most of the fluid in which sperm are transported (seminal fluid). It is about the size of a walnut and is located in front of the rectum and below the urinary bladder. The prostate gland encircles the urethra, the tube that carries urine out of the body. The enlargement of this portion of the prostate is responsible for most symptoms associated with prostatic hyperplasia.
As the prostate enlarges, it gradually compresses and distorts the urethra. As a result, the flow of urine is obstructed and diminished, and the bladder muscle becomes overdeveloped in an attempt to force flow during urination. The bladder is eventually unable to expel all the urine, causing it to become distended and unable to empty completely (urinary retention). Overflow of small amounts of urine from the bladder may result in an inability to control urination (incontinence), or the bladder may become overactive resulting in the need to urinate frequently.
The exact cause of prostatic hyperplasia is unknown but it appears to relate to hormonal changes associated with aging.
Incidence and Prevalence: About 14 million American men have symptoms related to prostatic hyperplasia, while countless others have the condition but are relatively symptom-free; it is estimated that worldwide about 30 million men experience symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (Leveillee). |
Source: Medical Disability Advisor